Geithner Has Helped Engineer U.S. Response to Financial Crisis
By David Cho, Lori Montgomery and Shailagh Murray | Washington Post | Saturday, November 22, 2008
President-elect Barack Obama has selected New York Federal Reserve Bank President Timothy F. Geithner as Treasury secretary, handing the post to a primary architect of the Bush administration’s response to the financial crisis, according to Democratic and industry officials yesterday.
At 47, he is the same age as Obama and would represent a generational change in the highest levels of Washington economic policymaking, heading a remarkably young team of White House economic advisers tasked with sorting out one of the worst financial messes since the Great Depression.
A Democrat and a relative unknown outside the world of high finance, Geithner has worked closely with Treasury Secretary Henry M. Paulson Jr. to devise responses to the most critical events of the market turmoil, including the bailouts of the investment bank Bear Stearns and the insurance giant American International Group. Like Paulson, Geithner believes that the Treasury should be given vast powers to develop experimental strategies for responding to the crisis and the flexibility to abandon them if they don’t work.
Geithner’s mentor is Lawrence H. Summers, 53, a Treasury secretary during the Clinton administration who also was in the running for the job. Summers instead will go to the White House and serve as a senior economic adviser to Obama, according to a senior Democratic official familiar with the matter. Meanwhile, Obama is seriously considering a former opponent in the primary campaign, New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson, to head the Commerce Department, according to the official.
Joining Summers in the White House would be Jason Furman, 38, as a top economic adviser; Peter R. Orszag, 39, as White House budget director; and Austan Goolsbee, 39, on the president’s Council of Economic Advisers, sources familiar with the matter said.
The rollout of the economic team is expected to take place in Chicago on Monday, according to a transition source who spoke on condition of anonymity because the announcements have not been made yet. As for the timing, this source said, “Everything has been accelerated on the economic front because of the news of the last few months” but not in reaction to any specific market trends this week.
The problems facing the new administration are dire as the government’s effort to rescue the banking system falters. Yesterday, Goldman Sachs said it expected the economy to shrink even faster during the fourth quarter of this year, at a 5 percent annualized rate. The investment bank predicted that unemployment would soar to 9 percent by the end of next year.
The stock markets cheered the would-be appointment of Geithner, who is well-known to Wall Street. The Dow Jones industrial average had been down as much as 1.4 percent in the morning. Around 3 p.m., when news of Obama’s pick broke, the index shot up, ending the day 494.13, or 6.5 percent, higher.
“Geithner is uniquely situated and has the business experience and the political experience and the policy experience to handle this crisis,” said Scott Talbott, senior vice president of the Financial Services Roundtable, which lobbies for the nation’s largest financial firms. “Everyone I talked to at the New York banks have had positive comments or no negative comments.”
He also has experience in addressing complex crises. In the late 1990s, he worked under Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin and Summers to guide the Clinton administration’s response to currency collapses in Russia, Mexico and Asia. In the last years of the administration, Summers became Treasury secretary and Geithner was promoted to undersecretary.
Geithner “will get a very favorable response in the Senate,” said Sen. Kent Conrad (D-N.D.), chairman of the Senate Banking Committee. “You saw the relief rally in the market today. . . . These are the kind of people you want with their hand on the till in a storm. And we’re in a Category 4.”
Others wondered whether Geithner, who has a youthful manner, could inspire confidence in the markets.
“Tim at 47 looks 32, and you need to have in these compelling times gray hair and gravitas,” said Ken Duberstein, a former chief of staff in the Reagan White House, who was interviewed on the possibility of a Geithner Treasury earlier in the fall. “It’s not that he’s not qualified; it’s how he looks.”
Under Geithner, the Treasury would not be expected to alter its approach to the financial crisis — or how to spend the $700 billion in emergency rescue funding approved by Congress last month, though skepticism is building among lawmakers about whether Paulson has devised the right remedy to the problems.
Other than Paulson, no one had more say than Geithner in bailing out Bear Stearns in March or in the events leading up to the bankruptcy filing of the investment bank Lehman Brothers. He also was the primary architect of the $85 billion loan to rescue AIG, and then increased that amount to a total of $152 billion as the company’s woes continued. All of those actions have been criticized and debated by lawmakers and economists, who say the moves have contributed to the financial system’s turmoil.
With Orszag, Goolsbee and Furman, Obama is assembling a team in the White House of pragmatic centrists who believe in promoting free trade, reducing budget deficits, and using the tax code to narrow the widening gap between rich and poor. Unlike officials in the early Bush administration, they also believe in the power of government to enhance and guide market forces.
Orszag and Furman both served as directors of the Hamilton Project at the Brookings Institution, a research group founded by Rubin and others. Furman left that post earlier this year to join the Obama campaign as a senior economic adviser.
Orszag, founding director of the Hamilton Project, left in 2007 to become director of the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office. He would bring an intimate knowledge of the federal budget to the Office of Management and Budget, where he would be responsible for assembling Obama’s first budget next spring.
Goolsbee, a University of Chicago economist, has been an adviser to Obama since his 2004 campaign for the U.S. Senate. Goolsbee would serve on the president’s three-member Council of Economic Advisers, which provides the president with economic analysis and recommends policy actions, congressional aides said.
It was unclear yesterday whether Summers’s role would be as chairman of the National Economic Council, which coordinates economic policy for the White House. Other candidates for that post were Jacob “Jack” Lew, a former CBO director who works at Citigroup, and Daniel K. Tarullo, a Georgetown University economist who is part of Obama’s transition team, according to congressional sources and a senior Democratic official.
Richardson, the leading contender for Commerce, was originally in the mix to be the secretary of state nominee, but Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-N.Y.) is now expected be announced for that post after Thanksgiving.
Obama promised in a post-election news conference that he would move with “deliberate haste” to fill out his Cabinet and senior White House staff, a recognition that with the global financial crisis and the United States involved in two wars, there was little time to waste.
The Commerce job was originally rumored to go to Penny Pritzker, the finance chairman of Obama’s campaign and a close friend of the Illinois senator, but she removed herself from consideration Thursday due to an inability to extricate herself from a series of complex business ties.
Richardson, who was elected governor of New Mexico in 2002 and was reelected with 69 percent of the vote in 2006, has made no secret of his interest in returning to Washington to take a place in the Obama administration. A long-shot contender for the Democratic presidential nomination, Richardson endorsed Obama in his primary battle with Clinton, and, if nominated for Commerce, would help round out Obama’s “team of rivals.”
Richardson spent 14 years in the U.S. House — from 1983 to 1997 — before being named by President Bill Clinton as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. A year later, Richardson became Secretary of Energy in the Clinton Cabinet.
Washington Post staff writer Anne E. Kornblut and washingtonpost.com staff writer Chris Cillizza contributed to this report.
